Where Are Black Deer Found (and What Are They)?

There are deer with fangs, albino deer, and even the scarce black deer. Black deer, also known as melanistic deer, are a source of fascination for hunters and naturalists. Some hunters go their entire life without ever setting eyes on one. 

So, where are black deer found? Keep reading, as we're looking at the most likely places you'll encounter one of the fascinating and, in some cases, mystical creatures. We'll also talk about their identifying features, hunting ethics, and why seeing a black deer in the wild is such a rarity. 

What Are Black Deer?

The rare black deer is not a separate species, but rather a common deer species, such as white-tailed or mule deer, that exhibits a genetic anomaly believed to be caused by a mutation in the melanocortin 1 receptor gene (MC1R). 

This causes excessive black pigmentation, which can sometimes appear as a dark chocolate-brown color. This coloration is typically uniform across the entire body, meaning there are no white or brown coat or hair distinctions, which is typical of a normal whitetail or mule deer. At the same time, they look very different from a whitetail or mule deer in terms of coloration. 

Are Black Deer Rare? 

Black deer are scarce (rarer than albino and piebald deer), with less than 1% of the deer population exhibiting melanism. To provide some context, it's estimated that approximately 1 in 30,000 deer are born as albino deer. 

Black deer are most commonly reported in whitetails. Other species can exhibit the same traits due to melanism, such as the "black panther," which is a black pigment in leopards and jaguars. 

Why Are Black Deer So Rare? 

Black deer are rare, as the genetic trait that causes melanism is recessive. Additionally, black deer are highly isolated in genetic bottlenecks or limited gene pools, which allows the trait to surface more often, particularly in zones of Texas. 

Regardless of a deer's rarity, it's essential to respect wildlife and follow ethical hunting practices. 

How Are Black Deer Different from Whitetail Deer?

Again, melanistic deer are the same species as whitetails or muleys and only differ in their darker appearance. They're physically similar in terms of size, antler development, and will typically exhibit the same behaviors and habitat preferences. 

While albino deer may suffer from vision or health issues, such as stunted limb growth, black deer do not suffer from any additional health issues due to their pigmentation.  

Where Are Black Deer Found?

While black deer sightings have been reported in 29 states, the majority of sightings are concentrated in Texas, particularly in the central and southern regions. Studies indicate that the counties of Blanco, Burnet, Caldwell, Comal, Guadalupe, Hays, Travis, and Williamson have a higher incidence of black deer sightings. 

There are also occasional sightings in Oklahoma, Kansas, and Michigan. However, these are few and far between when compared to the Lone Star State.

As a genetic mutation, black deer can also be found in European hunting zones, particularly those that are home to roe and fallow deer. 

Can Hunters Hunt Black Deer?

In most states, it's perfectly legal to hunt black deer, as they are typically a whitetail or mule deer, so long as you're licensed, have the relevant tags, and are up to date with any hunter education requirements. 

There are typically no special permit requirements. However, it's always best to double-check state game laws, as there may be protections against unusually colored deer, such as albinos or piebalds, and the language may be unclear. 

When it comes to shooting black deer, there are two schools of thought.

• The first is that the trophy is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity and too great a chance to pass up.
• The second is that it is best to leave black deer for conservation reasons and to allow others the opportunity to experience this creature in its natural habitat. 

The decision is up to you! While simply spotting a black deer in the wild may be thrill enough for many hunters, other hunters can't pass up the opportunity for a rare trophy. 

How Do Hunters Identify and Approach Rare Black Deer?

To get close to a black deer, you'll want to follow an excellent whitetail hunting guide, as the same tactics of scouting, feeding patterns, trail cams, and stand placement will apply. Ask around hunting clubs or even private landowners, to point you in the right direction if there have been rumours. 

Trail cameras can help confirm the presence of black deer in a particular zone. Consider taking a high-quality camera if you intend to spot one and document your experience. 

Like any other approach, the shot must be both ethical and well-placed of you plan to take a black deer. 

Put Eyes on More Deer With HuntWise 

Whether you're keen to add a unique trophy to your collection or view one of these exquisite and fascinating creatures in the wild, they're a testament to the genetic diversity and truly incredible majesty of nature that makes hunting the pursuit that it is. 

Spotting a black deer in the wild is a rare and challenging experience. With the HuntWise app, you may increase your chances of seeing more deer to hunt (black or ohterwise)! You'll be able to pre-scout high-potential locations, mark spots where black deer have been rumoured to be roaming, and even uncover the best time to head out in the field with favourable wind and rutting conditions. 

Don't have HuntWise yet? 
Now is the time to download it and use it free for a week during your peak season hunting and planning.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

We have answers to your questions about the rare black deer!

Q: How rare is a black deer?

A: Black deer are extremely rare. Only about 1 in several hundred thousand deer have the melanistic (black) trait.

Q: Why do some deer look black?

A: Some deer appear black due to a genetic condition called "melanism," which causes an excess of dark pigment in their skin and fur.

Q: What is a black deer called in the USA?

A: In the U.S., a black deer is usually called a melanistic whitetail deer.

Q: What is the significance of seeing a black deer?

A: Culturally, seeing a black deer is often considered a symbol of mystery, transformation, or rarity, though interpretations vary by tradition.

Q: Where do black deer live?

A: Melanistic deer are most often reported in parts of Texas, Mississippi, and Pennsylvania. However, they can appear anywhere whitetail deer live.